Investors are on a voyage of discovery on physical climate risk, but can make progress using foundations already in place, say Standard Life’s Bruno Gardner and Hetal Patel.

Assessing exposure remains a major headache for the finance industry. Responsible Investor’s Lucy Fitzgeorge-Parker discusses ways to move forward with some of the sector’s leading experts.

Morningstar Sustainalytics’ Bin Dong, lead ESG methodology analyst, explains why sustainability risk is financially material in both US and European equity markets, while being priced through fundamentally different market mechanisms.

Quantifying individual sustainability metrics and translating them into financial projections and impact on the bottom line remains challenging for many businesses. Michel Driessen and Sebastian Schmidt offer an approach.

Amazon’s Tessie Petion and Brandon Oyer discuss how the company approaches water consumption, energy costs and grid impact while scaling its data centre operations.

There is a greater focus on real-world impact over portfolio decarbonisation by asset owners, according to Morningstar’s Paul Schutzman.